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                <text>Feeding the Ducks&#13;
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                <text>Mary Cassatt (American, 1845–1926)</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://allenartcollection.oberlin.edu/emuseum/view/objects/asitem/id/2771"&gt;The Allen Memorial Art Museum&lt;/a&gt;, R. T. Miller Jr. Fund</text>
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            <name>Date</name>
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                <text>Drypoint and aquatint&#13;
Image: 11 3/4 × 15 3/4 in. (29.9 × 40 cm) Sheet: 14 11/16 × 18 3/4 in. (37.3 × 47.6 cm)</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>1957.19</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Female Figure</text>
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                <text>The Baule people believe that all individuals have spirit mates in the ‘other world'. Under normal circumstances, these spirit spouses reside in their own place and aid the individual. However, due to certain circumstances, the spirit mate may become upset or angered and cause a crisis or a problem related to sexual dysfunction in marriage.&#13;
&#13;
These spirits and their grievances would be revealed through divination, and following that a carver would be commissioned to create images of standing males or females, with reserved demeanor and of elegant form, that represent the spirit mate of a given individual.&#13;
&#13;
The carving of a figure of this kind is commissioned as a stand-in for the other world mate, and offerings are placed at its feet in hope that the spirit will be placated and the problem will be solved.&#13;
&#13;
Of particular importance with regards to this object is the fact that it has been completely covered with gold leaf. The gold is a symbol of high rank and status often associated with chieftainship among the Baule. It is therefore quite probable that this figure was commissioned by a chief or high ranking nobleman to represent their particular spirit mate.&#13;
&#13;
Occasionally, images that are near to spirit mates are kept as tutelary images by diviners. In some cases, such figures develop a dirty and encrusted surface. However, were such a figure or pair of figures to be made for a chief, the pieces would likely be covered in gold leaf and kept clean.&#13;
&#13;
It is therefore not possible to determine the exact use of the figure, however, what is certain is that this was a valued and treasured object created for a high ranking individual in traditional Baule society.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://allenartcollection.oberlin.edu/emuseum/view/objects/asitem/id/36139"&gt;Allen Memorial Art Museum&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;span&gt;Gift in honor of Alexandra Gould (OC 2011)&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>20th century</text>
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                <text>Alexis Reed</text>
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                <text>Wood and gold leaf&#13;
Overall: 10 3/4 × 1 1/4 × 1 1/4 in. (27.3 × 3.2 × 3.2 cm)</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>2011.26.10</text>
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            <name>Title</name>
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                <text>Gin Lane</text>
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                <text>Many of William Hogarth’s prints call attention to social ills within 18th-century British society, thereby paving the way for healing. Here, Hogarth represents the dire effects of gin consumption, which had risen steeply in the first decades of the 18th century. The print represents February 1, 1751, a day in one of London’s poorer neighborhoods, where every group, from the elderly to infants, is addicted to the substance and devastated by the consequences. In the middle ground, a woman in a wheelbarrow—no longer able to support her own cup—is served by supposed nurses who “charitably” assist her. Penury awaits everyone as figures pawn their last possessions. Gin is the cause of suicide (at right) and civic neglect (a house falls down in the middle distance), Hogarth argues. Children are neglected, abandoned, and killed. Paired with the print Beer Street, in which Hogarth envisions a healthy society that consumes a national and nutritional beverage, Gin Lane successfully helped to raise awareness of the necessity for civic regulations in the sale of gin, which came under increasing control that same year.</text>
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                <text>William Hogarth&#13;
English, 1697–1764</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://allenartcollection.oberlin.edu/emuseum/view/objects/asitem/id/15672"&gt;Allen Memorial Art Museum&lt;/a&gt;, &lt;span&gt;Annie A. Wager Bequest&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>1751</text>
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                <text>Alexis Reed</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="1095">
                <text>Etching and engraving&#13;
Image: 15 3/8 × 12 13/16 in. (39.1 × 32.5 cm) Sheet: 24 13/16 × 18 7/8 in. (63 × 48 cm)</text>
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                <text>Print</text>
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            <name>Identifier</name>
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                <text>1975.228</text>
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